Riset

The influence of Ottoman Qur'ans in Southeast Asia through the ages

Ali Akbar

Bayt Al-Qur'an & Museum Istiqlal, Jakarta

This paper discusses the influence of Ottoman Qur’ans on the Qur’an in Southeast Asia, from the manuscript era and through the period of early printing up to the present day.  At various times, Ottoman influence can be detected in certain specific aspects of Southeast Asian Qur’ans, including the illumination, calligraphy and graphic layout of the text.  In recent years this influence has become much stronger, particularly since the ratification of the Indonesian Standard Qur’an in 1984, as one of the three approved versions is based on the Qur’an printed at the Matba‘ah Bahriyah in Istanbul. This edition of the Qur’an has long been used in Indonesia by Qur’anic reciters who learn the text by heart (hafiz) in various pesantren (madrasahs).  During recent research in Istanbul, a copy of the Qur’an printed at the Matba‘ah Bahriyah in the early 20th century was located in the Beyazit Devlet Kutuphanesi.

Tulisan ini membahas tentang pengaruh Qur’an Usmani terhadap Qur’an di Asia Tenggara, sejak masa manuskrip, masa cetak awal, hingga sekarang. Dalam beberapa hal, pengaruh Usmani dapat dilihat dalam beberapa aspek tertentu, seperti iluminasi, kaligrafi, dan tataletak teks. Pada masa belakangan, pengaruh tersebut lebih menguat, terutama sejak disahkannya Mushaf Al-Qur’an Standar Indonesia pada 1984, sebab salah satu dari tiga jenis Al-Qur’an yang disahkan tersebut didasarkan pada Qur’an Usmani yang dicetak oleh Matba’ah Bariyah di Istanbul. Jenis mushaf ini telah lama digunakan di Indonesia oleh  oleh para penghafal Al-Qur’an di berbagai pesantren.